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Luther on Marriage, for Gay and Straight by Kirsi Stjerna


Lutheran Theological Seminary at Getysburg

Seminary Ridge Review is published by Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg.  The article below is from the Spring 2014 issue (Volume 16, Number 2).

Luther on Marriage, for Gay and Straight by Kirsi Stjerna - Kirsi Stjerna is Professor of Reformation Church History and Director of the Institute for Luther Studies at Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, and Docent/Adjunct Professor in the Faculty of Theology at University of Helsinki. Her degrees are from University of Helsinki and Boston University. In anticipation of the 2017 Luther anniversary, Stjerna serves as one of the general editors for the forthcoming Essential Luther (6 volumes, Fortress Press).

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In summary...

Martin Luther knew all about marriage.1 He wrote, “The estate of marriage and everything that goes with it in the way of conduct, works, and suffering  is pleasing to God.” Luther was also fully aware of how complicated mar- riage could be on the human front; he even used the word “bitterness” to discuss different marriage-related issues.  Regardless of the Hollywood stories of happily-ever-after, and (thankfully) regardless of the reality shows exposing outrageously dysfunctional family systems, people continue to get married, our societies still respect marriage as a worthy institution and see it important to legalize and control it; the churches continue to be invested in the ceremonies celebrating marital unions, and in shaping people’s thinking about marriage.

In this presentation, 1) I will first reflect on the urgency of the Lutheran church to move theologically to a place where the our church affirms the marriage of gay and lesbian persons on par with the marriage of hetero- sexual persons. 2) I propose that the issue of gay and lesbian persons’ “right to marry” and the church’s joyful blessing of such unions are a “priority reformation concern” today, similar to the sixteenth-century Reformations’ promotion of clergy marriage over the church’s celibacy rules. 3) I will engage Luther’s argumentation on marriage and sexuality and the nature of his reforms in order to build a foundation for continued constructive reforms regarding marriage matters today.

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Same-Sex Marriage and ChildrenSame-Sex Marriage and Children is the first book to bring together historical, social science, and legal considerations to comprehensively respond to the objections to same-sex marriage that are based on the need to promote so-called "responsible procreation" and child welfare. Carlos A. Ball places the current marriage debates within a broader historical context by exploring how the procreative and child welfare claims used to try to deny same-sex couples the opportunity to marry are similar to earlier arguments used to defend interracial marriage bans, laws prohibiting disabled individuals from marrying, and the differential treatment of children born out of wedlock. Ball also draws a link between welfare reform and same-sex marriage bans by explaining how conservative proponents have defended both based on the need for the government to promote responsible procreation among heterosexuals. 

In addition, Ball examines the social science studies relied on by opponents of same-sex marriage and explains in a highly engaging and accessible way why they do not support the contention that biological status and parental gender matter when it comes to parenting. He also explores the relevance of the social science studies on the children of lesbians and gay men to the question of whether same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry. In doing so, the book looks closely at the gay marriage cases that recently reached the Supreme Court and explains why the constitutionality of same-sex marriage bans cannot be defended on the basis that maintaining marriage as an exclusively heterosexual institution helps to promote the best interests of children. Same-Sex Marriage and Children will help lawyers, law professors, judges, legislators, social and political scientists, historians, and child welfare officials-as well as general readers interested in matters related to marriage and families-understand the empirical and legal issues behind the intersection of same-sex marriage and children's welfare.


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